JIHAD DALAM PANDANGAN MUHAMMAD SHAHRUR

Hizbullah’s Jihad Concept

This paper argues that Hizbullah’s jihad concept essentially derives from the underprivileged status of the Lebanese Shiite community at the time of the appearance of the party in the early 1980s. Although the ideology of Hizbullah and the articulation of its jihad concept borrowed heavily from ayatollah Khomeini’s doctrinal contributions to Shiism, Hizbullah has readily adapted itself to the n...

Jihad vs . McWorld

Just beyond the horizon of current events lie two possible political figures—both bleak, neither democratic. The first is a retribalization of large swaths of humankind by war and bloodshed: a threatened Lebanonization of national states in which culture is pitted against culture, people against people, tribe against tribe—a Jihad in the name of a hundred narrowly conceived faiths against every...

Muhammad Naeem

Objective: Material and Methods:

10 Urease Inhibition Muhammad

The design, synthesis, characterization and exploring the broad spectrum of potency of biologically active molecular building blocks have attracted the attention of scientific community since last couple of decades. The emergence of pathogenic resistance is a natural phenomenon and investigations toward the advances of new structurally diverse inhibitors have always been at the esteem of pharma...

The COLD Database 1 Muhammad